Tikamagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "chimbudzi" masiku ano, amamveka ngati mawu odziwika bwino atsiku ndi tsiku-omwe sitimayima kufunsa. Koma mawu amakono ameneŵa ndi atsopano chabe pamzera wautali wa zilembo za chipangizo chimene chakhala chofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha anthu kwa zaka zikwi zambiri.
Kuti tiyankhe funso lakuti "Kodi chimbudzi poyambilira chinali chiyani?," tiyenera kudutsa m'zitukuko zakale, kusintha kwa zilankhulo, ndi kaganizidwe ka chikhalidwe pa nkhani ya ukhondo-kuti tidziwe momwe anthu amatchulira (ndi kuonera) chinthu chofunika kwambiri chimenechi.
Zitukuko Zakale: "Zimbudzi" Zoyamba ndi Mayina Awo
Kalekale mawu oti "chimbudzi" asanakhaleko, anthu oyambilira adapanga njira zoyendetsera ukhondo-ndipo anali ndi mawu apadera ofotokozera nyumbazi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayenderana ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito kapena kapangidwe kake.
1. Mesopotamiya ndi "Cesspit" (3000 BCE)
Chimodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri zodziwika bwino zaukhondo ndi za ku Mesopotamiya wakale (-Iraq yamasiku ano), cha m'ma 3000 BCE. Nyumba zolemera ndi nyumba za anthu onse zinali ndi timipata tating'ono totsekeredwa tolumikizidwa ndi maenje apansi panthaka omwe amatolera zinyalala. Maenje awa ankadziwika kuticesspits(kuchokera ku Latincesare, kutanthauza “kukhazikitsa”, mawu amene akugwiritsidwabe ntchito masiku ano ponena za kusungiramo zimbudzi pansi pa nthaka. Mosiyana ndi zimbudzi zamakono, iwo ankadalira mphamvu yokoka m’malo mwa madzi, koma ankagwira ntchito yaikulu imodzimodziyo: kulekanitsa anthu ku zinyalala zawo.
2. Iguputo wakale ndi "Chosambira"
Kale ku Igupto, ukhondo unali wogwirizana kwambiri ndi chipembedzo, ndipo anthu apamwamba ankagwiritsa ntchito mipando yotukuka-ngati nyumba zokhala ndi mabowo amene amathira mitsuko kapena ngalande. Izi sizimatchedwa "zimbudzi" (mawu omwe sakanakhalako kwa zaka zikwizikwi) koma nthawi zambiri ankatchedwazosambira (sesh) kapena kungoti "mipando ya zinyalala." Mitsuko yomwe inali pansi pa mitsukoyo inkakhuthulidwa nthaŵi zonse ndi kukwiriridwa, kusonyeza mmene Aigupto ankamvetsetsa bwino za ukhondo panthaŵiyo.
3. Roma Wakale: "Chimbudzi" ndi "Forica"
Aroma adasintha kwambiri zauve wa anthu ndi zimbudzi zazikuluzikulu-zotchedwaforicae(amodzi:forica). Miyala imeneyi, yomwe imapezeka m’mizinda monga Rome ndi Pompeii, inali ndi mizere ya mipando ya nsangalabwi pamwamba pa ngalande zotayirira, zomwe zinkachotsa zinyalala m’mizinda. Mawu akuti "forica" ayenera kuti anachokera ku Chilatinichifukwa, kutanthauza "kunja"-popeza zimbudzi zoyambirira nthawi zambiri zimakhala kunja kwa nyumba. Aroma ankagwiritsanso ntchito mawuwalatrina(kulavare, "kutsuka") ku zimbudzi zing'onozing'ono, zachinsinsi, mawu omwe pamapeto pake adasanduka "chimbudzi" mu Chingerezi ndipo amagwiritsidwabe ntchito pazochitika zankhondo kapena zakunja lero.
Nyengo Zapakati mpaka Zakale Zamakono: Kusintha Maina ndi Makhalidwe
Ufumu wa Roma utagwa, zimbudzi zinayamba kuchepa ku Ulaya, ndipo mawu oti zimbudzi anakhala osalongosoka (ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda ukhondo) kusonyeza kamangidwe kake kosavuta komanso kopanda ukhondo.
Garderobe
M'zaka zapakati pazaka zapakatikati, chimbudzi chodziwika bwino chinali "garderobe"-kachipinda kakang'ono kapena shaft yochokera kumtunda kupita ku dzenje kapena dzenje pansi. Mawuwa anachokera ku Old Frenchmwinjiro-, kutanthauza "wosunga zovala"-ulalo wodabwitsa, popeza anthu nthawi zambiri amasunga zovala mu garderobes kuti athamangitse njenjete (fungo lamphamvu la zinyalala limaletsa tizilombo).
Privy
Pofika m'zaka za zana la 16, mawu akuti "privy" (kuchokera ku Latinzachinsinsi, "zachinsinsi") zinakhala zotchuka kwa zimbudzi zazing'ono, zotsekedwa zakunja. Inagogomezera zachinsinsi cha danga, chodetsa nkhaŵa chachikulu pamene magulu akuyang'ana kwambiri kudzichepetsa.
Nyumba ya Ofesi
Mawu omveka bwino azaka za m'ma 1700- akuti "nyumba ya ofesi" ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zimbudzi za m'nyumba kapena zocheperako-zokhala m'nyumba zolemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malowa akhale othandiza (ngati si osangalatsa) pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Kukula kwa "Chimbudzi": Momwe Mawu Achifalansa Anayambira
Mawu oti "chimbudzi" omwe timagwiritsa ntchito masiku ano ali ndi chiyambi chokongola modabwitsa-chosiyana kwambiri ndi kugwirizana kwake ndi zinyalala zamakono. Amachokera ku Frenchchimbudzi, amene poyambirira ankanena za “nsalu yaing’ono” kapena “thaulo” lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito podzikongoletsa. Popita nthawi,chimbudzizinasintha kutanthauza njira yonse yobvala ndi kupukuta (ganizirani za mawu oti "tebulo lachimbudzi" lachabechabe).
Pofika m'zaka za m'ma 1800, pamene zipangizo zaukhondo za m'nyumba zinayamba kuyenda bwino (chifukwa cha anthu monga John Harrington-amene anapanga chimbudzi choyamba chochapira mu 1596-ndipo pambuyo pake Thomas Crapper, yemwe anatchuka ndi kuyeretsa makina otsuka magetsi), mawu oti "chimbudzi" anayamba kusintha.
Mabanja olemera anayamba kuwonjezera zipinda zing'onozing'ono moyandikana ndi zipinda zogona kuti azikometsera-ndipo zipindazi nthawi zambiri zinkakhala ndi chimbudzi chapayekha. Patapita nthawi, dzina la chipinda ("chimbudzi") linagwirizanitsidwa ndi chipangizocho. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma 1800, pamene zimbudzi zowonongeka zinayamba kufala m'nyumba ndi m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, "chimbudzi" chinali chitalowetsamo mawu akale monga "garderobe" ndi "privy" m'Chingelezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Mbiri Ili Ndi Yofunika?
Kusinthika kwa dzina la chimbudzi kumatiuza zambiri osati nkhani yachilankhulo{0}}zikuwonetsa momwe anthu amaonera ukhondo, zinsinsi, ndi zosowa za anthu pakapita nthawi. Kuchokera ku "forica" yachiroma (malo a anthu onse) kupita ku "garderobe" (chinthu chothandiza kwambiri) mpaka "chimbudzi" chamakono (chofunikira, chamkati), dzina lirilonse limasonyeza kusintha kwa teknoloji, chikhalidwe, ndi makhalidwe.
Masiku ano, liwu loti "chimbudzi" tingalitenge mopepuka-koma ulendo wake kuchokera ku mawu achi French odzikongoletsa kupita ku liwu lapadziko lonse la ukhondo ndi chikumbutso cha momwe ngakhale mawu wamba ali ndi mbiri yakale, yosayembekezereka. Mukadzagwiritsanso ntchito chimbudzi, mungaganizire za chiyambi chake: "forica" ku Rome, "garderobe" m'nyumba yachifumu, kapena "cesspit" wamba ku Mesopotamiya-zonse zomwe zimatsogolera ku liwu lomwe tikudziwa lero.
